Cerebral palsy (palsy cerebral) is a non progressive brain injury syndrome caused by various reasons in the 1 months after birth. And can be accompanied by epilepsy, mental retardation, language barrier, visual and auditory disorders, etc..
In every 500 births, there are 1 cerebral palsy. About 17000000 children with cerebral palsy all over the world.
The cause of cerebral palsy is a lot of, can occur in the birth, but also occurs before or after birth.
It is sometimes caused by a variety of factors, about 1/3 of cases, although the tracing, still failed to find the cause.
The main cause of cerebral palsy for many years has been that the main cause of cerebral palsy is due to premature birth, pregnancy infection, birth injury, perinatal asphyxia and jaundice, etc., but there are not all the children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, these factors can only be considered as a risk factor for cerebral palsy.
Vojta has listed more than 40 kinds of risk factors for cerebral palsy, which include almost all the abnormal conditions in the perinatal period and neonatal period.
In recent years, many studies have been carried out on the causes of cerebral palsy.
Such as the confining association had to 45, 000 children from its parent pregnancy period until postnatal 7 years old the systematical research on the prospective follow-up, the incidence of cerebral palsy in 4 per thousand live births. It was also found that the birth asphyxia cerebral palsy is not a common cause of, the majority of high-risk pregnancy delivered the nervous system of children were normal.
Other countries in the cause of cerebral palsy were also showed that only less than 10% of the children with cerebral palsy in the process of birth asphyxia.
At the same time, there are many studies have shown that nearly half of the cerebral palsy occurs in the survival of high-risk premature infants, low birth weight infants.
Therefore, in recent years, the research into the etiology of cerebral palsy into the field of embryonic development. Environmental factors, genetic factors and disease factors such as early pregnancy and after pregnancy, genetic factors and disease factors, such as early pregnancy chorionic, amniotic membrane and placenta inflammation, and other factors. That these early embryonic developmental abnormalities are likely to is caused by premature birth, perinatal period of ischemia and hypoxia of the important reasons, but also an important basis for high-risk neonatal survivors after the occurrence of cerebral palsy.
These studies provided a new way for the cause of cerebral palsy and early intervention in the future.
Laboratory examination: the disease can be checked as follows.
1 neonatal routine urine and blood tests, biochemical tests.
2 maternal and neonatal blood group examination, bilirubin qualitative test, serum total bilirubin.
3 maternal prenatal amniotic fluid gene, chromosome, immunology examination.
Other auxiliary examination:
1, EEG with seizures of children with seizures of the sharp wave, spike wave, sharp slow wave of comprehensive wave; some of the children with seizures can also occur in children with epilepsy discharge; individual children can have both sides of the volatility asymmetry.
2, brain CT scan showing brain atrophy, periventricular leukomalacia foci, multiple brain lesions and polycystic soft, accompanied by congenital porencephalia, septum pellucidum development adverse, cyst, enlarged ventricles. CT examination to help explore the cause of cerebral palsy.
Complications: cerebral palsy is often associated with other disorders, such as mental retardation (50% to 25%), epilepsy (30% to 50%), vision abnormalities such as strabismus, amblyopia, eye tremor (50% or so), hearing loss (10% to 15%) and language disorders, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities, etc..
Prognosis: cerebral palsy is a congenital or acquired brain lesion residue phenomenon, no effective drug treatment, early diagnosis, early intervention can reduce the degree of disability.
Pathogenesis: cerebral palsy is a syndrome that can be caused by a variety of causes, pathological changes and the cause of the disease. All kinds of congenital causes of brain development disorders, often have different degrees of cerebral cortex atrophy and ventricular enlargement, can have nerve cells reduce and glial cell proliferation. Premature infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) can cause the ventricular ependyma hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia degeneration, multiple necrosis or degeneration and cyst formation. The dominant limb of the internal capsule area of nerve fibers (pyramidal) often involved. The nuclear jaundice sequelae may have an abnormal myelin formation in the basal ganglia, which is known as the marble state. In recent years, some children with cerebral palsy have been found, which have the bad development of the brain, cell migration, and gray matter in early stage.