With the development of modern medicine, as all levels of hospital basic device configuration of the monitor is being widely used on the hospital ICU, CCU, anesthesia surgery and clinical departments, especially, it can provide important information on the vital signs of the patients to the medical staff. Using this information, clinicians can better analysis of the patient's condition, so as to take appropriate treatment measures, to obtain the best therapeutic effect, so monitor the role of more and more attention.
Monitoring system development, can be traced back to 1962, North America established the first batch of coronary heart disease (CCU), the monitoring system has been developed rapidly, with the continuous development of computer and signal processing technology, as well as clinical critical patients and potential patients with monitoring requirements of the monitoring system, the monitoring system in addition to a previous multi parameter vital signs monitoring, but also to better meet the needs of clinical care, drug evaluation and modern hospital management.
Classification of existing monitoring products:
1. According to product performance and the use function is divided into multi parameter curing, monitor, portable monitor, plug-in monitor and the central monitor station.
2. According to the method of monitoring parameters can be divided into noninvasive monitoring of vital parameters, a parameter monitoring and special test parameters (blood gas, biochemical analysis and monitoring, defibrillation and special gas anesthesia monitoring) monitoring.
The development history of.ECG monitoring:
The earliest, medical personnel on the ECG monitoring and demand, is the beginning of the rescue of critically ill patients.
1.1933 years: the first time Hooker to carry out the experimental animal heart recovery, through the close observation of the heart beat, to sum up and judge the patient's critical rescue effect.
2.1943 years: Claude Beek for the first time the implementation of electric defibrillation in the operation room, ECG monitoring and clinical application.
3.1952 years: Zoll first launched cardiac pacing, pacing, monitoring, so that patients can be recovered by the recovery of cardiac function;
4.1956 years: the advent of external defibrillator, improve the survival rate of critically ill patients rescue;
5.1960 years: Kauwenhoven reported that the chest and heart massage is effective, the technology is increasingly mature heart recovery;
6 1960s: continuous ECG monitoring, the patient's ECG status can be monitored in a timely manner, so that the heart patients and critically ill patients with close and continuous observation, and help medical personnel can make continuous analysis and judgment of the patient's ecg;
7 the appearance and clinical application of pulmonary artery floating catheter in 1970s:Swan-Ganz, the monitoring of the blood flow dynamics (such as invasive pressure, cardiac output, etc.) is introduced into clinical practice. The monitoring function is more and more abundant, and the medical personnel get more information on the monitoring information;
8 1970s: clinical application of continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring technology;
Two, oxygen saturation (SPO2) monitoring technology, but also in the development of the 70's, until the 80's is not widely used in clinical. The earlier application is to monitor and monitor SPO2 only simple ecg. Due to the wide application of micro processor and fast electronic system, guardianship parameter ECG, SpO2, NIBP, temp, etc. in various monitor become more medical personnel approved applications and extensive clinical application.
The development of the two generation of guardianship
In the subsequent development, cardiac output and ETCO2 monitor also as a bedside monitor in clinical can be development and use, especially in ICU, CCU, anesthesia applied science is very extensive.
1, display and parameter:
Monitor initially only as a timely monitor the patient's vital parameters, ECG, NIBP and SpO2, displayed by the earliest digital to digital and waveform displayed on the same screen.
In the screen of the monitor display, are constantly updated and improved, led by the first show that CRT display, to the development of liquid crystal display, until the more advanced color TFT display, which can ensure very high resolution and clarity, eliminating the problem of perspective in any angle can complete observation of patient monitoring parameters and waveforms. In use, to ensure the long-term high clear, high brightness of the visual effect.
2, analysis of networking capabilities:
With high integration of the circuit and monitor size and tends to be small, the function is more complete, can be in the basic parameters of the monitoring of ECG, NIBP, SpO2, temp, etc. at the same time, continuous monitoring of invasive blood pressure, cardiac output, special anesthesia gas parameters. On this basis, monitor has gradually developed into powerful software analysis functions, such as arrhythmia analysis, analysis of pacing, ST segment analysis etc., and according to the clinical needs of monitoring information review, including trend chart, table functions of information storage, the storage time of long, large amount of information.
With the rapid development of network communication, a single monitor patients, has been unable to meet the processing and monitoring of a large number of patient information, through a central network information system, hospital and monitor network, can improve the work efficiency. Especially in the night, the staff is less, but also can simultaneously monitor multiple patients, through intelligent analysis of the alarm, so that every patient can get timely monitoring and treatment. The central monitoring system through the hospital network system, the hospital information of the patients in other departments to collect and store, so that all the patients in the hospital, the disease and other information can be stored to the central information system, for better for patients with diagnosis and treatment.
3, operation mode:
In order to get more medical personnel as soon as possible to master the use of the instrument, the China currently sold to monitor food